Aside from the typical "inflation" that comes with going into heat for a bitch, the only ways to be *CERTAIN* that a dog has been bred (by human or another dog or whatever else) is to either see her with a dick in her, or swab her and look for sperm under the microscope. (Of course, if she's dribbling jizz, of whatever kind, out of her cooch, that's a pretty obvious giveaway) For males, if there's a way to be sure, let me know when you find out what it is.For an experienced zoo, or for a vet, is there a way to say that the dog is having sex (with human or other dog) just from observing their private parts or their behaviour? Is there a way to distinguish two dogs when one is actively having sex and the other is not? Just curious